The 5th Chinese Renewable Energy Conference & Exhibition (CREC) was opened on October 24-26, 2013 in Wuxi, with the theme of Communication, Consensus, Action.  it  explored the development of the global renewable energy industry, looking for roads to renewable energy industry.

 

XuZheng: Deputy Director of National Key Laboratory of Power Systems in Shenzhen, Associate Professor of Tsinghua University, Chief Engineer of Solartech.

 

Dr. Xu Zheng , the deputy Director of National Key Laboratory of Power Systems in Shenzhen, the vice Professor of Tsinghua University, and the Chief Engineer of Solartech, addressed the speech of “Renewable Power Application and Energy Structure Adjustment”. He expressed there is great potential renewable energy market in China, but it still faced many aspects of huge challenges.

 

The application of solar pumping technology can help solving the food and global environment problems. To fully develope solar water conservancy system, the domestic market will reach 400GW if we apply the solar pumping technology for irrigation of 1% drought field in China with 250 tons water for each mu area per year.

 

Following is the speech of Dr. Xu Zheng:

 

Good morning, every respectable leaders, experts and guests. First of all, I would like to express my appreciation  for the intense invitation of the organizer. Now I represent academician Mr. Luqiang to exchange our experiences and opinions accumulated these years about renewable power application and energy structure.

 

Today’s report consists of four parts. The first part is about the current situation of power and electricity consumption in our country. In 2011, the total energy consumption was about 34.8 tons of standard coal, the total electricity consumption was 4702.59 billion kilowatt-hours. During the 10 years’ development from 2002 to 2011 , the GDP, power consumption and electricity consumption have the  similar situation. But if taking a look more carefully, the growth of power seems weaker than GDP.

 

Looking from the power consumption and structure, the dominant power source is still coal in our country, which causes serious environment issue of its burning. Nowadays, we still have a 60% dependence on oil import, which brings a severe test on oil security strategy. Natural gas consumption has a great development these years, but it’s still a very small proportion in energy consumption.

 

Actually, we are also facing the crisis of the traditional fossil energy exhaustion. In the global statistical result in 2006, fossil energy, natural gas and coal each could be exploited less than 40 years, 63 years and 147years all around the world. Our country is rich in coal but poor in oil and gas, so the situation we are facing is more severe.

 

On the other hand, no matter viewing from the world or our country, the storage of renewable energy is extraordinarily huge. It is sufficient to meet the requirement of human society nowdays and future.

 

But presently, our utility of renewable energy is very limited . Hydropower has a better development, which contribute 39% of the installed production capacities, the yearly generated energy was 652 billion kilowatt-hours, and take a portion of 15.45% of gross generated energy production in 2011.　While Wind power’s installation just probably reaches 5% of its achievable capacity, and the actual hour usage and generated energy is still at a low rate. Additionally, the other types of renewable energy are far more beyond our large-scale utilization . In a word, the usage of renewable energy in 2011 accounts 26% in installed production capacity and 16% in generated energy, which equals to 8.38% in one-time total energy consumption of 252.68 million tons standard coal consumption.

 

The forecast of global energy development trend reveals that the inflection point of the traditional fossil energy will appear around 2030, by then the solar and wind power will bloom rapidly. At the end of this century, the solar and wind power will take the dominate position no matter we would like it to be or not and whether we are getting ready for. The renewable energy is the wise choice and it’s development is the inevitable trend.

 

Let’s talk about the development vision of the renewable energy power. We rank first for the hydropower application with rich of experiences and continuing developing. And about Biomass power generation, the key point is how to utilize the land and water resource reasonably, as well as how to solve the transportation problems. But the wind and solar power has the advantage of broad distribution, huge storage, mature technology and large-scaled industry, it is the main battlefield of renewable energy development. However, the gap and wave of the wind and solar power are strongly challenging the satiability and safety of the power system.

 

At present, high cost is the obstacle for the development. Sound law and policy is our development basis. And reasonable arrangement , technology innovation and actual effect pursuit would be the assurance of healthy growth.

 

the support of perfect law and policy would be the foundation of the development, sound arrangement of the creation of technology and the chasing of efficiency would be the assurance of healthy grows.

 

According to the “the renewable energy development Twelve-Five formulation”, the renewable energy will rise to 11.4% in total energy consumption , 20% in generated energy in 2015 and 15% in total energy consumption in 2020.

 

In order to achieve the development aim of the renewable energy power , we are facing the following basic issues: 1, how to construct? To build large scale power station or put some energy on the construction of distributed power. On this issue,we always choose the non-mainstream way of thinking ,  especially i objected very early to build amounts of solar power station in desert regions, because it did not fit the national condition. 2, how to transport? To adopt long distant point-to-point way or hydro, wind, solar power complementation group to group way. 3, how to utilize? To adopt on-grid or off-grid system? Or choose the diverse developing way? 4, how to evaluate? Take the installed production capacity or the total generated energy for assessment? After several years of development, the answer is clear.

 

Now let us take a look at the development situation of the wind power. The wind power is distributed unevenly , the areas rich of wind power only cover 8% of the national territorial area. Firstly, we will build some large-scale wind power station in these areas, including a dozen of 5 million kilowatt and 2 million kilowatt bases.

 

Because these ares are far aways from the load center, we have to concentrate electricity transmission. The areas which are relatively rich in wind power covers 18% of the national territorial area. For these areas, small or medium-scale wind power project can be applied, connect nearby and consume locally. For the areas covering 50% of the national territorial area , distributed on-grid wind power can be applied, together with some other distributed power. The utilization of sea wind power have an achievable capacity of 758million kilowatt.

 

The distribution of solar power appears a west-high, east-low trend, there is about 1.3 million square meters which can build large quantities of large-scale PV power stations of the desert areas, the power capacity can reach 500 million kilowatt.

 

In the areas rich of solar power, we can promote the distributed on-grid solar power together with the combination of the architecture. The rooftop areas can reach 8.5 billion square meters, the south face wall areas is almost 11.12 billion square meters.

 

The utilization of renewable energy are diverse, among of which on-grid is for large-scale construction. It can guarantee the high efficiency of the system to fulfill the demand of average loan power. Independent power source can solve the electricity problems in no electricity and power shortage areas with advantages of fast construction and low cost.

 

The small pictures below are common household electrical appliances, including computer, air-condition, refrigerator and washing machine. We can see from the wave shape the renewable power quliaty is much better than  the commercial power. So the application of renewable power is reliably.

 

Nowadays, solar power has become the solution trend for agriculture and forest irrigation, desert control, pasture irrigation, fresh water supply, landscape fountain, seawater desalination and some other applications.

 

Solar pumping system can be applied in all these fields, offering sufficient supply of water resource without power grid construction or power storage device. It’s economical and environment-friendly.

 

We have developed the solar pumping system since 2001, we knew very little about the market at that time. By raising it to the level of solar water conservation, the solar pumping system can greatly solve the water shortage issues of agriculture irrigation and daily water supply .

 

To develop the solar water conservation application and apply the system to irrigate 1% of the arid region,  if we take 250 ton water for per mu area per year, the domestic market total demand will reach 400GW.

 

Solar pumping system also play an important role in fighting global drought resisting. Using reverse osmosis membrane for solar seawater desalination can provide an effective solution for fresh water supply on the frontier defense island.

 

Beside of the above listed, there are lots of special application such as solar trees and solar fountain. They are harmonious with the city and neighborhood environment with the beautiful and unique appearance . It also can be applied in AC/DC hybrid mode.

 

Finally, let’s talk about the system of assessment and the index. It proved that just taking installed production capacities as the index of the assessment is not so reasonable, though it can help us clearly control the construction scale. There are lots of drawbacks for this evaluation way, such as the irrational planning and construction of the wind power, comparison unrealistically, land enclosure and wind abandonment. Scramble for allowance indicator, production of shoddy and fake also happened on solar power industry. But if taking generated energy for the index of assessment, it will accelerate the planning and construction rationally, chasing of effectiveness and forbid faking.

 

Meanwhile, the development and utilization of the renewable power should be evaluated by a full-scale index of assessment, which should includes economic benefit, social benefit, technical progress benefit and industry promotion benefit.

 

Now I would like to summarize this report. First of all, the adjustment of energy structure and renewable power is not just the history development trend but also the impending and vital task. Secondly, our country is rich in renewable resources, the development space for renewable power is very vast. Thirdly, the development of the renewable power should be coordinated with the development and construction of the technology of power grid. If we only focus on the development of the renewable power and ignore the power grid, it will cause wind and solar abandonment. Fourthly, the departments in charge must plan integrally , the scientific research institution must innovate non-stop to offer motivation for sustainable development. As for enterprises ,they should be self-disciplined during the operation process. Fifth, every country has its own patterns of development, we have our own national situation, thus we should not just copy the success experiences from the developed countries but explore the development patterns and market applications suitable for our national situation.

 

That’s all, Thanks for everyone.